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ACD Country Profile |
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Iran |
General
Profile
Location: Middle East, bordering the
Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf, and the Caspian Sea,
between Iraq and Pakistan Area: total: 1.648 million sq
km land: 1.636 million sq km water: 12,000 sq km
Climate: mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along
Caspian coast Terrain: rugged, mountainous rim; high,
central basin with desert Capital: Tehran Administrative
divisions: 30 provinces (ostanha, singular - ostan);
Ardabil, Azarbayjan-e Gharbi, Azarbayjan-e Sharqi,
Bushehr, Chahar Mahall va Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars,
Gilan, Golestan, Hamadan, Hormozgan, Ilam, Kerman,
Kermanshah, Khorasan-e Janubi, Khorasan-e Razavi,
Khorasan-e Shemali, Khuzestan, Kohgiluyeh va Buyer
Ahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Markazi, Mazandaran, Qazvin,
Qom, Semnan, Sistan va Baluchestan, Tehran, Yazd, Zanjan
Population: 68,017,860 (2005 est.) Ethnic groups:
Persian 51%, Azeri 24%, Gilaki and Mazandarani 8%, Kurd
7%, Arab 3%, Lur 2%, Baloch 2%, Turkmen 2%, other 1%
Nationality: noun: Iranian(s) adjective: Iranian
Languages: Persian and Persian dialects 58%, Turkic and
Turkic dialects 26%, Kurdish 9%, Luri 2%, Balochi 1%,
Arabic 1%, Turkish 1%, other 2% Religions: Shi'a Muslim
89%,Sunni Muslim 9%, Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian,and
Baha'i 2% Literacy: 79.4% |
Political
Profile
Currency (Code): Iranian rial (IRR)
GDP: $551.6 billion (2005 est.) GDP per capita: $8,100
(2005 est.) Exports - commodities: petroleum , chemical
and petrochemical products, fruits and nuts, carpets
Exports - partners: Japan , China , Italy , South Africa
, South Korea , Taiwan, Turkey, Netherlands Imports -
commodities: industrial raw materials and intermediate
goods, capital goods, oodstuffs and other consumer
goods, technical services, military supplies Imports -
partners: Germany, France, Italy , China , UAE , South
Korea , Russia Agriculture - products: wheat, rice,
other grains, sugar beets, fruit, nuts, cotton; dairy
products wool; caviar Industries: petroleum,
petrochemicals, textiles, cement and other construxtion
materials, food processing (particularly sugar refining
and vegetable oil production, metal |
Economical
Profile
Government type: theocratic republic
Executive branch: • chief of state: Supreme Leader
Ayatollah Ali Hoseini-KHAMENEI (since 4 June 1989) •
head of government: President Mahmud AHMADI-NEJAD (since
3 August 2005) First Vice President Dr. Mohammad Reza
AREF-Yazdi (since 26 August 2001) • cabinet: Council of
Ministers selected by the president with legislative
approval • elections: leader of the Islamic Revolution
appointed for life by the Assembly of Experts; president
elected by popular vote for a four-year term National
Holiday: Republic Day, 1 April (1979), Revolution Day,
11 Febuary (1979), Noruz (New Year’s Day), 2 August
(1925) and various Islamic observances which change in
accordance with the lunar-based heijira calendar ACD
Member: ACD Member since 2004 Prime Mover (PM) on
Working Group: None Co-Prime Mover on Working Group:
None Iran government official web site :
www.president.ir Source: The World Fact Book 2005
(www.cia.gov) | |
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